Anti-Quantum Strategies
Quantum computing poses a long-term threat to today’s blockchains. Attacks such as Harvest Now, Decrypt Later (HNDL) mean that even if transactions are safe today, they could be exposed once quantum machines become practical. Modulax implements a forward-looking strategy to mitigate these risks.
"Security is not just about defending today — it’s about preparing for the breakthroughs of tomorrow."
Key Threats from Quantum Computing
Breaking Signatures
Algorithms like Shor’s make ECDSA vulnerable once large-scale quantum computers exist.
Breaking Hashes
Grover’s algorithm can reduce the effective security of hash functions like SHA-3.
Harvest Now, Decrypt Later (HNDL)
Adversaries record encrypted blockchain data today and wait until quantum hardware can break it.
Modulax Strategy
Cryptographic Agility
Protocol designed to swap signature schemes without breaking existing state.
Smooth migration path for accounts to upgrade to post-quantum keys.
Post-Quantum Primitives (Planned Upgrades)
Kyber: Quantum-safe key exchange
Dilithium: Lattice-based digital signatures
Hash-Based Schemes: Backup for specialized cases
Layered Security Approach
Classical cryptography (ECDSA, SHA-3) for compatibility
Post-quantum algorithms integrated gradually
Multi-sig and hybrid schemes bridging classical + PQ
Implementation Roadmap
Current
ECDSA + SHA-3
Ethereum-compatible, widely supported
Mid-term
Hybrid schemes (ECDSA + PQ signatures)
Testnet phase for validator adoption
Long-term
Full PQ adoption (Kyber, Dilithium)
Default for all accounts and modules
Developer Considerations
Future SDKs will support PQ libraries for smart contracts
Account abstraction will allow users to choose their signature scheme
Bridges and explorers will remain compatible across upgrades
Anti-quantum strategies in Modulax are not theoretical, they are built into the protocol roadmap. By enabling cryptographic agility and planning PQ adoption, Modulax ensures that assets and contracts remain secure for decades to come.
"Modulax is not waiting for quantum to arrive. It is building defenses today for the quantum age."
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